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PUBLIC CLEANSING IN A PROGRESSIVE BOROUGH
Page 116
Page 117
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How Some 30,000 Bins and Ash Pits, and About 4,200 Gullies are Emptied in the Metropolitan Borough of Fulham by a Fleet of Motor Vehicles. Fourteen of the Team of 23 Lorries Regularly Used on Refuse Collection
4 UNICIPAL enterprise at Fulham v I certainly justifies the claim of Mr.
A. F. Holden, M.Inst.C.E., borough surveyor, that the borough council is one of the most progressive local-government authorities in the Metropolis. The council has operated its own electricity-supply undertaking since 1901, whilst in other departments the municipality is equally advanced.
The refuse-collection and cleansing systems are modelled on practical and efficient lines, extensive use being _made of mechanical transport. For the purpose of refuse collection, an average of 14 S.D. Freighters is employed daily, whilst an additional machine of this make is sometimes engaged on this service and, at other times, is allocated to duty on behalf of the -works department.
. The Fleet of 14 Refuse-collection
Vehicles.
The vehicles are of the low-loading type, and, with the exception of a new machine, are of 7 cubic-yd. and 10cubic-yd. capacity. Two slatted canvas covers are fitted on each side, these being tied down while the vehicle is travelling_to the refuse. destructor.
The new collector is an S.D. Freighter
— of 12-cubic-yd. capacity, with a fully enclosed rear-loading body. Internally, there is an adjustable barrier, by means of which the refuse may be consolidated to conserve space., whilst in the roof there are ventilators. While en route for the destructor, the vehicle is enclosed by two full-height doors 'at the "rear. This machine has met with general approval, and it is likely that, in the future, this type will be standardized.
E50
The borough, which has an area of 1,706 acres and a population of about 151,000 persons, is, for the purpose of refuse collection, divided into six districts. The entire fleet is concentrated on each district daily, and collection is completed before the men cease work. Thus, 'a. general house-tohouse collection is made weekly throughout the borough. The system of assigning the whole fleet to each area facilitates the work of supervision, The . vehicles work in pairs, the personnel of each team consisting of two drivers, who assist in loading, and six dustmen, the total average number• of men employed being 56.
In the case of large blocks of fiats, several of which have been erected by the council in recent years, public institutions, etc., refuse collection is effected two or three times weekly, whilst special collections are sometimes made outside the prescribed area for the day in certain circumstances.
The house and trade refuse is disposed of at the destructor at Townmead Road, which was reconstructed in 1927, and is one of the most up-to-date of its kind in the country. The length of haul from each collecting district to the incinerator averages 1* mile. As each load arrives at the destructor, it is weighed and then shot on to the tipping floor, which is approached by means of an incline.
The conditions of employment and wages of the operatives are particularly favourable. The men work a 47-hour week and, in addition to 'being paid the flat rates prescribed under the Joint Industrial Council's awards, drivers are allowed three hours per week as cleaning time.
In addition to their regidar wages, the men receive, during the summer period of 20 weeks, a bonus of 5s: 6d. per ton for all refuse collected in excess of 11 tons per man per Week-. During the winter, a 'bonus of 4i 6a. per .ton is paid for the collection, of over 14 tons per man per week'. Mr. Holden advises uS that the whole undertaking operates smoothly And that the bonus systein greatly encourages conscientious working.
38,366 Tons of Refuse Collected in a
Year.
Some 30,000 bins and ash-pits are emptied weekly, and, during the financial year ended March last, 38,366 tons of refuse were collected at a cost of 7s. l*d. per ton. This cost figure is, We understand, one of the lowest recorded in the Metropolitan Area.
Each of the refuse-collection vehicles covers about 20 miles per day and carries an average of nine tons. During 1932-1933, the S.D. Freighters were operated at a cost of 1 10s. 8d. per working day, or, excluding capital charges, 21 5s. 2d. per day.
The scavenging and cleansing of the borough is carried out on the beat system, employing hand-operated orderly carts. There are 54 beats and each man is allocated a specific area for the day. Practically every road receives attention at least once a day, whilst the congested areas are cleansed more frequently, according to circumstances. Special arrangements for scavenging are made in connection
with street markets, etc., and on the occasion of football -matches,
The orderly barrows employed are of the modern type carrying two portable wood containers for refuse or shingle. Two S.D. Freighters collect the refuso from the barrows at appointed places, or on the beats, the containers being emptied directly into the collectors. The system works well and has superseded the insanitary method of dumping refuse at various points before collection.
Disposal of Street Sweepings in the Borough.
The bulk of the street sweepings is removed by barge from the council's riverside wharf, close to Putney Bridge, the remainder, comprising approximately 500 tons annually, being incinerated at the refuse destructor, All street refuse is weighed prior to being tipped into the barge and is removed so soon as possible, being covered by sheets.
Gully-emptying and cleansing are carried out by means of a new Dennis 1,150-gallon machine, which has a sludge compartment for 550 gallons
and a tank capable of accommodating 600 gallons of clean water for the resealing and flushing of gullies. The appliance is adapted for the emptying of gullies either from the side or from the end.
There are approximately 4,200 lies in the borough, the majority being of the stoneware pot type, 4 ft. 6 ins, deep and 2 ft. in diameter. With the new Dennis appli-. ance, some 25,000 gully cleansings will be effected annually, the frequency of emptying depending upon the distribution and location of the gullies.
Thus, the Dennis will deal with the great majority of the gullies in the borough, but there will still be a few inaccessible to the machine and these will have to be emptied by hand as hitherto.
The remainder of the borough council's fleet of vehicles is in the hands of the works department (including parks). This section of the municipal undertaking employs two Leyland Gull 21-tonners, two S.D. Freighters, one of which, as already stated, is sometimes used for refuse collection, a Ford 30cwt, three-way tipper and an A.T. tractor with a dump body. Thus, the municipal fleet comprises 23 vehicles, three of which (S.D. ,Freighters) may be adapted for duty as water sprinklers.
Successful Results from a Dennis Gully-emptier.
Mr. Holden appears to be highly satisfied with the new Dennis gullyemptier, which is doing splendid work. By means of this machine, a large number of gullies can be cleansed in a day, so that the borough can be covered at frequent intervals at a low cost. The fact that the tank body can be tipped to a high angle considerably facilitates the discharging of the load into a barge at Swan Wharf, Fulham; it is, indeed, the work of only a few moments.
One of the S.D. Freighters has been in service since 1925 and is still a useful unit of the fleet.
The authority runs its own vehiclemaintenance department and overhauls are carried out when fOund necessary, and not on the basis of any predetermined mileage or time. The fleet is well maintained and is giving excellent service.