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Essolube, the First Hydrogenated Petroleum Product
Page 131
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MHE Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd., has just placed on the British market a lubricant known as Essolube, this being sold in grades suitable for all classes of vehicle, and delivered in strong, clear-glass bottles each holding a quart or a pint, and with a non-re placeable seal. The oil will also be available, however, in one-gallon cans and five-gallon drums.
At a recent gathering, the chairman of the company, Mr. Frederick J. Wolfe, called upon Mr. D. S. Paul, B.Sc., A.I.C., the technical manager of the company, to tell the story of Essolube.
Briefly, the chief facts regarding the process are that £6,000,000 have been expended during its development over six years., The Anglo-American concern has been engaged in hydrogenating oil since 1926, and has developed large
scale plants with a huge daily output
In the process, hydrogen and petroleum are passed through pipes subjected to direct firing, so that the temperature is raised to nearly 1,000 degrees F., and the pressure to 3,500 lb. per sq. in. The mixture passes into a reaction chamber where, under the influence of a catalyst, the molecules of oil are split and the hydrogen combines with them to form new substances not originally present.
If the original petroleum does not contain the correct substances to form a good lubricant, then no subsequent distillation or refining can make up for the deficiency. For example, asphaltic oils possess two excellent qualities as motor lubricants, low pour point and low coke value, but they are chemically unstable, have a poor viscosity index and low flash point. Pennsylvanian oils, on the other hand, have good stability, satisfoctory viscosity, a high flash point, buf comparatively poor pour points and coke values. Sometimes they are blended to mix the good qualities, but this does not eradicate the bad.
It is claimed for the new lubricant that hydrogenation converts thousands of miscellaneous hydrocarbons originally present in the crude oil into a small number of compact ,substances haying similar qualities, close in boiling range and saturated to the point of stability.
It is meet that the Anglo-American concern should be the first to market such a lubricant, because it was the first to bring out the petrol pump, and the first to develop a leaded anti-knock fuel, Pratt's Ethyl petrol.