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The Engine of the Emperor
Page 111
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TN our issue dated October 15th we -Igave a description of the new doublesaloon "bus, the chassis and body of which have been designed and constructed at the works of the Vulcan Motor and Engineering Co. (1906), Ltd., at Crossens, near Southport, but at that time it was not possible to publish full details of the power unit specially produced for this vehicle. FUIROWNSSIOSSE1111,1111612116==a;WW;53.
This power unit is of the side-valve pattern and has the patent Ricardo head and Ricardo inlet-valve system.. It is a six-cylindered unit of 110. ram. . (4.33 ins.) bore and 130 mm. (5.11 ins.) stroke, the capacity being 7,412 c.c. The R.A.C. rating is only 45 h.p., but the engine develops CO b.h.p. at 1,000 r.p.m., 100 b.h.p. at 1,700 r.p.m., and no less than 140 b.h.p. at 2,800 r.p.m.
The Cylinder jackets are cast in two bloeks, each for three cylinders, and providelarge Water spaces, whilst a good feature is that these blocks and their ;Inds are interchangeable. The
cylind are of centrifugally cast iron and are pressed into position. This •iSa practice which is gaining favOur with engine designers and Certainly there is much to commend it. The crankcase has a particularly impressive appearance. Tt is an aluminium casting of the girder type and in depth .it extends from the centre of
the. gudgeon pin at .mid-stroke to
well below the centre line of the crankshaft, thus ensuring absolute rigidity of the engine. The lower half of the crankcase is also an aluminium casting and has a capacity of-four gallons of oil. The aluminium-alloy pistons (cast-iron pistons can be provided, if re(mMred) have hollow • gudgeon pins of 31-in. diameter and these are secured by means of spring rings, so that they cannot work loose. The crankshaft has seven bearings, the main bearings being 3 ins, and big-ends 2i ins. in diameter.
Next in impiirtance to the cylinderhead design is the valve arrangement.. for the inlet valves are of the Ricardo masked type. As many of our readers will know, the seating in this ease is at the base of a cylinder about le in. in depth, which is cut in the casting; it has the important advantage of affording the equivalent of sudden valve closing whilst retaining the desirable characteristic of slow valve. seating. Thus smooth valve action is obtained without the objection of lethargic closing. The followers are of the largediameter flat type, the guides being housed in two blocks which may be readily withdrawn from the crankcase, where they operate in an oil mist. The induction system is of the Ricardo pattern, designed for a dual carburetter with a single flat chamber. There are two exhaust manifolds. The pressure lubrication system has an oil radiator.
A duplex roller chain with automatic tensioning device conveys the drive from the crankshaft to the camshaft, fan, 12-volt dynamo and magneto, the fan spindle incorporating a friction coupling.
The four-speed gearbox, single-plate dry clutch and engine form a unit. The indirect ratios are :—Third, 1.6; second, 2.53; first, 4.9 and reverse, 6.5 to 1. The main-shaft diameter in 2i ins.