DETAILED REPORT OF THE EXHIBITS.
Page 22
Page 23
Page 24
Page 25
Page 26
Page 28
If you've noticed an error in this article please click here to report it so we can fix it.
AVERY large number of steam and internal combustion-engined road rollers, smile for nrdinarynticadiun road work and others for dealing with special road surfaces are exhibited.
Road Rollers.
One of the best-known makers a road rollers are Ruston and Hornsby, Ltd., and of chief interest is the new 8 ton internal-combustion-engined roller which is being shown by them for the first. time. This machine has a very fine, workmanlike appearance. It is of time usual three-wheel type. The power unit is a, two-cylinder engine carried in the usual position, .in front of the driver. It develops 20 b.h.p. and is .designed to run on paraffin. From . the engine a short cardan shaft conveys. the drive to a gearbox, the shafts of which lie across the chassis. At each end of the lower shaft is a Ferorlo-faced cone clutch by which the forward running and reversing are controlled. One of the•advantages of this method is that
1)23. as the gears are always in mesh there is no danger of the roller running away when heing.reversed on a gradient.. The gearing provides three speeds in either direction.
The radiator and starting handle are positioned at the rear of the vehicle, whilst the fore-carriage head forms the paraffin tank-.
The other roller shown by the company is their standard 10 ton combined steam model, fitted with two-tine scarifier A useful form of B ton steam-propelled tammdem road roller, made by the KellySpringfield Co., is shown by Millers' Timber and Trading Co.-, Ltrf. This is .of the type in which the vertical boiler is positioned at one side of the vehicle, with the two-cylinder horizontal engine at the other4side. .
The rear roller is centrally pivoted in the usual way and is steered through a worm and quadrant, steering being assisted by a neat three-cylinder auxiliary steam engine. Another internal-combustion-to/glued road roller, which is in some respects similar to the Ruston, but is considerably larger, is exhibited by Barford and Perkins, Ltd. This is of the threewheeled type, all the wheels acting as water ballast tanks. It is Made in 10 and 12 ton sizes.
A tank to hold 120 gallons of water is provided for sprinkling purposes, and enough fuel can be carried to last one week. The engine, which is situated•at the rear, is a four-cylindered Dorman monobloc, developing 40 b.h.p., and the power from this is transmitted to the gearbox through a cone clutch and flexible couplings. Three speeds forward and two reverse are provided, and the final drive is by roller chains. In addition to this machine, the company show one of their standard type tandem motor rollers, the rollers of which also form water ballast tanks.
As regards steani rollers, perhaps the most interesting in the Show is the new 5 ton Aveling and Porter quick-reversing tandem type, for use on tarmacadam and bituminous carpeting. This machine is similar in many respects to the American Kelly-Springfield, but embodies some improvements and is much better finished. The vertical boiler is positioned at the left of the driver, who sits at the rear of the mhiclo facing forwards. The compound engine is posi
tioned at the other side of the machine, almost under his feet. Steering is assisted by a three-cylinder radial engine operating a worm and quadrant. The other Aveling and Porter roller is their standard three-wheeled steam type, with a nominal weight of 10 tons empty. It is fitted with the Price resilient scarifier made by the company.
The compound tandem steam road roller, which is made in 5-6 ton sizes and exhibited by Robey and Co., Ltd., is an interesting deN•relopment of the steampropelled typo, and is claimed to be specially suitable for modern tarmacadam. roads. The Oxford Steam Plough Co., Ltd., is carrying out complete rebuilding of old and badly worn steam rollers and tractors. The machines which they have on view amply demonstrate the excellence of their work.
An interesting type of road roller weighing 7 tons, and designed to run on paraffin fuel, is shown by the Allied Machinery Co., Ltd. It is an American machine made by the Austin Manufac turing CO. of Chicago. One of the main features of the roller, which is built after the style of our ordinary steam rollers, is simplicity. Two speeds are provided, and the starting, stopping and reirersing, are controlled by a single lever.
The Fowler Woods patent combined road rolling, sweeping, tars spraying
and grouting apparatus, and gritting machine' made by John Fowler and Co. (Leeds), Ltd., is certainly one of the most impertant exhibits.
The sweeper brush consists of six' sections carried in a frame supported by the tender, whilst the gritting machine is towed by the roller and is.fitted.with an agitator.
Considerablethought has been displayed ins the design of the 7-ton Laffiy road roller. Thik machine is, in the main, -constructed from steel castings. The engine and gearbox are particularls Interesting, as they can be lifted out as a, unit.
The drive to the rear wheels is by gears, and two speeds are provided. Either paraffin or petrol can be us,,,1 and
the tank for this is positioned 'in the space usually occupied by the motion in the ordinary steam roller. The water tank takes the place of the barrel of the boiler, and through it passes a numbea Of tubes through which air is drawn by a fan at the rear.
A fine 10 ton single-cylinder roller of standard pattern is shown by Marshall, Sons and Co., Ltd. This, in general, follows normal construction. It is unnecessary for us to mention more than the particular accessibility of the overtype engine,
Steam Wagons.
THE heavy work entailed in the carrying of road-repairing materials, bricks and cement for public works, and other similarly heavy dutieshas resulted in the use :of many thousands of steam wagons, which are particularly suitable for such purposes, and many well-known types are on view.
One particularly sturdy machine, em bodying some very interesting features, is the 5 ton Mann tipping wagon. This is an overtype wagon, in which the .driver sits at the right side of the boiler and change-speed gear, and stokes through .a side fire door.
The Ransome 5 ton steam wagon, is a vehicle embodying some of the most upto-date features in its design. The-boiler is constructed of four steel plates only, and stays have been eliminated. As regards the chassis, this is of pressed-steel construction throughout. Two speeds are provided, and the final drive is by roller chain to an enclosed differential on the rear axle. The three-way tipping gear is of most interesting construction, and the powerful telescopic ram is fitted almost exactly over the rear axle. Hydraulic pressure is obtained from the engine feed pump.
One of the best-known and most popular steam tipping wagons on the market is the Foster, made by W. Foster and Co., Ltd, .This vehicle is of the usual overtype, fitted with an engine which can be run -either as a compound or as a double high pressure. The gearing gives two speeds of 4 and 8 m.p.h. The Yorkshire. steam wagon has attained a considerable degree of popularity, as it is of sound design and sturdy construction. It is unlike any other steam wagon on the market, with its double loco.-type boiler positioned at the front of the chassis and its compound engine situated in the Gab to the left of the driver. .
The example shown is provided with run-back, tip-over tipping gear.
Another overtype steam wagon, examples of which have done a great deal of useful work, is the 5 ton Clayton, made by Clayton Wagons, Ltd. The boiler and. firebox on this vehicle are of the Belpaire type, whilst the engine is a compound.
The 5 ten Foden steam wagon is too Well known to need more than a brief reference. So far as we can see, no changes have been made in its design. The wagon is fitted with a very efficient form of hydraulic tipping gear, the powerful ram being fitted close in front of the rear axle, the power being obtained from the boiler feed pump. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed, but the rain has a slipper head.
Few modifications are to be seen in the design and construction of the Garrett 5 ton steam wagon, This follows, normal steam-wagon praetice, with traction-engine steering and roller-chain drive to the differential on the rear axle.
A great amount of thought has been expended on the design of the 5 ton steam wagon built by Robey and Co., Ltd., and it enibodies many important -improvements, including a stayless locotype boiler with a domed firebox. • The Sentinel steam wagon is one of the most successful on the market. As compared with the old patterns, it is somewhat unconventional in its design, the vertical boiler being located at the front, whilst the engine is slung under the frame, and drives direct to the differential on the rear axle through a roller chain. No gears are employed, but there is a special late cut-off system by which increesed power can be obtained. Several detailed impfovements are incorporated in the Allchin 5 ton steam wagon manufactured by Wm. Alichin, Ltd. One of these is the new positioning of the safety valve. This used to be on the cylinder cover, but it has now been shifted forward close to the funnel in order to give the driver a better view.
The 6 ton Atkinson steam wagon is chiefly remarkable because of its unique uniflow engine and steel ball steam valves, the stoking chute in the footplate, and the neat independent steam engine, which serves to operate the telescopic screw-tipping gear.
The boiler is of particularly accessible construction, and the whole of the centre carrying the tubes can be removed for inspection or repair.
Watering Wagons.
THE old horsed watering cart haa almost, if not completely disappeared from our streets, and its place has been taken by efficient self-propelled bank wagons, which can spray to a considerable width and run at a fairly high speed.
In the Lacre 2 ton watering wagon the water is taken from the rear end of the tank and passes through a fine-mesh strainer, and thence to the sprayers. The width of the spray with a full tank is 15 ft., or, yrith the tank nearly empty, 12 ft. One of the interesting points about this vehicle is that it oan also be 'used as a tipping lorry. One of the Model E.A. electric vehicle exhibits shown by Electrical's, Ltd., is a particularly 'useful vehicle for municipal requirements. As shown, it is fitted with a 750 gallon watering tank, which is carried on the tipping sub-frame of the chassis, to which it is held by a strong clip.
A particularly interesting type of machine is that made by the Laffly Co. This carries an 800 gallon tank, and is provided with a centrifugal pump, giving a wide spray at each side, which can be controlled by sliding shutters. Provision is made for swilling the gutters and also for utilizing the wagon as a fire-engine.
Another exam.ple of an electric vehicle fitted with a tank and sprayers for spraying water is shown by the .General
Vehicle Co., Ltd. The G.V. electric chassis has its accumulator box suspended under the frame. A single motor is employed, and this drives thrbugh a short silent chain to a differential countershaft, from which roller chains drive the rear wheels. Provision is made on the water tank for gully flushing.
Tractors
A LTHOUGH increasing use is being made of steam and petrol wagons and trailers, there is still a considerable amount of work which has to be done by powerful tractors in dealing with loads which are too heavy to be carried or towed by the ordinary wagon.
One well-known tractor is the 4 h.p., compound model made by Ransome, Sims and Jefferies, Ltd. Little need be said about this machine, except that it has two speeds and the ordinary type of stayed boiler. A. useful little petrol-engined threewheeled tractor, known as the Clark Truotractor is shown by Millar's Timber and Trading Co., Ltd. The Tiger steam tractor made by John Fowler and Co. (Leeds), Ltd., embodies certain features which are not found in others of this type. This applies particularly to the patent oil-bath spring gear, in which the revolving mechanism has only one loose part.
The 5 h.p. road locomotive built by Chas. Burrell and Sons is a vary massive affair fitted with double crank, compound cylinders, and mounted on springs fore and aft. The model shown is fitted with three speeds and a winding drum at the inside of the, near-side rear wheel
A rubber-tyred steam tractor capable of hauling loads of from 10-12 tons is shown by Aveling and Porter, Ltd. This has a compound engine fitted with piston valves, a Belpaire boiler, two speeds, laminated steel springs to both axles, and a winding drum.
A steam tractor capable of hauling loads of 8-10 tons at 6 m.p.h., and particularly suitable for work in places where water and fuel are only obtain. able at long distances apart, is shown by Fodens, Ltd. So far as the boiler and engine are concerned, this machine follows usual Foden practice, but it has exceptionally large, rubber-tyred driving wheels and a water tank and fuel space which will permit long periods of working without replenishment. In addition, a winding drum carrying 50 yards of steel cable is positioned on the rear axle. Large, internal-expanding brakes operate on the rear wheels.
A very interesting type of tractor, which is convertible to a steam roller, is shown by Wallis and Steevens, Ltd. The fore-carriage can be removed and replaced by a saddle bracket, complete with chimney, which carries the centrally pivoted front roller. The rubbed-tyred rear wheels also have to be removed, and are replaced by the usual type of steam roller wheels.
The Excelsior rail tractor shown by William Jones has a two-cylinder vertical air-cooled engine, designed to run on
paraffin or petrol, with double chain 'alive to both axles.
The particular feature about the 5 ton compound steam tractor made by Marshall, Sons and Co., Ltd., is the radial valve motion, by which a particularly sharp cut-off can be achieved.
A ehoev of this description would hardly be complete without an example of the Little Giant tractor made by
Tasker and Son, Ltd. There are several features about this machine which deserve to be mentioned in particular. One of the most important of these is the Hoare's patent chain drive, by which improved springing is permitted. The springs are very wide apart and long, so that the rolling which occurs in some tractors is eliminated in this machine.
The compound engine is provided with an arrangement for utilizing double high pressure when extra power -is required A Fordson tractor equipped with solid rubber tyres for road haulage, etc., is Shown by Arthur E. Gould, Ltd.
Cesspool and Gully-emptying Machines.
THE laborious and unhealthy method of emptying cesspools and cleaning out gullies by manual labour has now been replaced almost entirely by the use of sanitary steam or motor-driven gully omptiers.
'The closed circuit. gully cleanser manufactured by the Lacre 'Motor Ctn. Co., Ltd., is a small but efficient machine, carrying a conical tank with a capacity of some 400 gallons. This tank is mounted on the chassis at a steep angle, which enables the contents to be readily evacuated from the small end, where is fitted a hinged door of the full diameter. The shape of the tank is such that when the rear door is opened, the water remaining; on the top of the deposit is not immediately lost, but forces a large proportion of the contents out. with it: One of the best-designed and largest gully emptiere is that fitted to the 6 ton Yorkshire steam wagon. A circular vacuum chamber, to hold the contents of six gullies, is carried on the top of the tank, and to this is attached the suction hose.
A vacuum Is created in the circular chamber by means of a steam injector, and the contents of the gully are drawn into the chamber, which, when full, is emptied into the sludge tank immediately underneath it. This, in turn, can be emptied by means of a door at the back.
The lower portion of the tank is used for carrying clean water or disinfectant for sealing the gullies after emptying.
Road Sweepers and Refuse Collectors.
ONSLDERABLE progress is being "0..e made in the designing of power,driven sweeping machines.
One of the neatest little road sweepers on the market, and one which is becoming increasingly popular, is the threewheeled Lacre. This machine.has the actvantage of a great width of sweep combined with a small turning circle, and provision is made for the rapid changing of brushes.
Certainly one of the most interesting exhibits is the Lacre roadside refuse col. lector, which is designed to operate in conjunction with their well-known threewheeled sweeper. The collector median. ism is mounted on the near. side of a 2 ton tipping wagon, and can, when required, be taken off andthe vehicle used for general purposes.
The well-designed road sweeper shown by the Latfly (England) Co. is one of the soundest machines used for this work, and has attained a high degree of popularity amongst municipal engineere. It is built after the style of the ordinary petrol vehicles so far as the front portion is concerned.
The gearbox provides three speeds forward and a reverse, and the drive is taken through bevel gears and a differential to short cardan shafts, and thence by spur pinions to spur gears on the
rear wheels, The brush is drives. -direct from the gearbox through bevel gears, thence by a sheft along the top of the brush case to a chain connected with a sprocket wheel on the brush spindle. When the brush is dropped it is automatically put into gear and thrown out again when raised • The Pioneer sweeping and loading device is designed to eperate in conjunction with refuse wagons; it sweeps the road and the channels and lifts the refuse into the body of the wagon. It is built by F. Walters and Co.
Petrol Wagons.
AVEHICLE which will hold 10 cubic yards of material, is something of a novelty. The wagon in question is
Laffiy it is of the overtype, and fete a remarkably long body, with a loW loading
. Something new in tipping gears is shown by y. Walters, end Co., fitted to a Ford truck. Its action is somewhat similar to that of the tipping gear of the Autocar lorry. •
.. It is some time since we had the pies. sureof inspecting a Stevens petrol. electricvehicle, but a. fine example of this type of machine is exhibited by Steeens Petrol-Electric Vehicles, Ltd. It is interesting to note that this type of vehicle was adopted as stanlard by the British Government for searchlight work. It hasalso been adopted by the Japanese Government. In this machine the robust electric generator is coupled direct to the petrel engine, and the current is taken through a special controller to a series-wound electric motor, driving through a short cardan shaft and propeller shaft enclosed in a tubular torque member, to the overhead worm.
Those visitors to the Show who wish to obtain vehicles at a low cost should call at the stand of Slough Lorries and Components,. Ltd.
One of the novelties was a mobile refreshment bar fitted on a Ford ton truck shown by Allan Taylor and Co. The bodywork is by Hudson, of Putney.
Electric Vehicles.
THE electric vehicle is rapidly forging ahead and is proving one of the most popular types of machine employed in municipal service. The 2i ton electric vehicle manufactured by Richard Garrett and Sons, Ltd., is well known and appreciated. The power unit is a single motor carried just in front of the rear axle and driving forward to a differential countershaft, from which roller chains drive the rear whee'e. The batteries are carried under the frame and are readily accessible from the sides. One of the most interesting types of electric vehicles on view is ;the. 50 cwt. E.A.-type,accumulator 'vehicle shown by Electricarsi Ltd. It is fitted with a novel toggle-jointed, tipping gear and a sheet-steel body for refuse collection.
The 5 ton electric vehicle made by Clayton Wagons, Ltd., is one of the most recent productions of the company. It is of the single-motor type, the motor being set with its shaft across the frame and behind the countershaft, which it drives through enclosed spur gearing. The drive is then transmitted through chains to the rear wheels. Two brakes are provided, the foot brake acting on the rear wheels and the hand brake on drums at each end of the countershaft. The tipping gear embodied is of, the runback-tip-over type with longitudinal centre screw.
A novel type of tipping gear made by Carrosserie Latymer, Ltd., is shown on a 5 ton G.V. electric by the General Vehicle Co., Ltd. This is a three-way type gear with a central screw, which can be operated either by hand or by separate electric motor.
Trailers.
THE use of trailers in municipal work is increasing to a remarkable extent. A great many of them have the ordinary fixed type body, whilst others are provided with side, end, or even three-way tipping bodies. There are also special trailers utilized for grit spreading etc.
Some Of the best-known trailers are those made by Carrosserie Latymer, Ltd. They are built on the lines of motor chassis and embody channel-steel framing, cast-steel wheels running on phosphor-bronze floating bushes, and Ferodo. lined brakes of the external-contracting band type operating on the rear wheels.
Increasing use is being made of special road-gritting trailers, and one of the most satisfactory of these is made by Tuke and Bell, Ltd. It is a compact, well-built machine with an endless conveyor belt, on to which the grit is de
posited through a lift-up door, and thence thrown out to either side by centrifugal force from a special horizontal rotor. The conveyor and rotor are driven by a chain from one of the wheels.
Another speciality of this company is the Constable patent tipping trailer.
There are many points of interest about the new threeway tipping Ackerman-steered trailer made by the Eagle Engineering Co., Ltd. The loading line is particularly low, and as the body tips
. sideways it moves out and deposits the load clear of the wheels. The side-tipping is done by means of cross screws, and the end-tipping by a telescopic screw which lifts the complete sub-frame. Another Eagle trailer is shown, fitted with a run-back, end-tipping body.
A trailer which; we believe, has not previously been described in this journal, is the Laurie 5-6 ton end-tipping machine exhibited by Fleming and Go. The construction of this trailer is exceedingly strong, the wood side members being heavily plated with steel.
The Robey trailer has a frame of allsteel construction, which, although light, is remarkably strong and suitable for rough usage on bad roads. The springing is exceedingly good. The steering is of the turntable type, and the pressedsteel built-up wheels are shod with rub
her tyres. Very' large internal-expanding brakes operate on the rear wheel drums. These can be applied by a hand wheel from the front.
Several useful types of trailers are built by R. A. Dyson and Co. One of the special features of the Dyson trailers is the arrangement of the springing, one end of each spring being arranged to move on machined slides.
Visitors should not fall to examine the remarkable trailer shown by Sentinel
Waggon Works (1920), Ltd, This trailer is to a great extent built up from steel pressings, and it has interchangeable turntables. It is made in two sizes, viz., 13 ft. 6 ins., and 15 ft. long.
The end-tipping trailer shown by W. Tasker and Son, Ltd., is particularly noteworthy because of the system of tipping. There is a hand-operated traversing gear, by which the body is brought to its pivoting point so that it can easily be raised by the hand-operated screw pro' vided at the front end. A particularly. interesting point about the trailer made by Haulage Improvements and Constructions, Ltd., is the springing. The main springing at each side of the axles is by three stout coil springs. A special system of links prevents lateral movements, and, a single buffer spring is provided.