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Latest Trends in Proprietary Components
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pRESSURE from manufacturers producing new types of vehicle encourages improvement of the proprietary components employed. On the other hand, manufacturers of components arc constantly striving to raise the quality and performance of their products on their own behalf, which ultimately reflects favourably on vehicle efficiency and reliability.
Whether the egg or the chicken is currently in the lead, interest in the component section of the Commercial Motor Show is always keen. Operators and manufacturers alike know from experience that a vehicle is only as good as its components allow. There fore the opportunity of exploring the galleries at Earls Court is not missed by those who are determined to take advantage of new developments.
This year two concerns, with names new among the exhibitors of proprie
tary oil engines, show. models, which in size and power, span the range displayed.
The six-cylindered 12.2-litre version of the Rolls-Royce C range of engines, which will be seen on Stand 312, is capable of developing 250 b.h.p. at 2.100 r.p.m. in its supercharged form for road-vehicle purposes. This and a four-cylindered model, which will be on show for the first time, are available with heat-exchangers for efficient tem perature control, air compressors and power take-off units as optional extras. These units have already proved particularly suitable for operating under arduous conditions in oil fields, quarries ,and open-cast mines.
At the other end of the scale a small twin-cylindered two-stroke engine will
be exhibited by The Turner Manufacturiog Co., .Ltd. The capacity of this engine, which was fully described in The Commercial Motor on November
20, 1953, is 1.4 litres and it develops
37.5 b.h.p. at 2.800 r.p.m. A threecylindered model of this engine will also be staged (Stand 426).
On Stand 433 F. Perkins, Ltd., will show their well-known P series of small high-speed oil engines and the R.6 unit—the latest addition to the Perkins range.
Norris, Hcnty and Gardners, Ltd., will display, on Stand 435, the 4LK oil engine of 3.8-litre capacity, and four-, five-, sixand eight-cylindered versions of the LW type. The bore of these engines is 41 in. and the stroke 6 in. The 6LW engine will have the makers' flexible engine mounting, self-contained torque reactor and hydraulic damper. The horizontal range of engines will be represented by the 6HLW model_ Henry Meadows, Ltd. (Stand 415), will also show a number of their engines, and a new item this year is a five-speed gearbox which has been specially developed to match the power and characteristics of the oil engine.
Three models are available, each having a different selection of ratios and including an overdrive ratio of 0.76 1. Whilst this gearbox has been developed to suit the Meadows 4 DC 330 engine, it can also be used with other makes.
An interesting gearbox exhibit will be the new semi-automatic gearbox,
which is being produced by Self-Changing Gears. Ltd., and will be shoWn on Stand 424, Hand-controlled only, the
control bands, which are arranged the standard Wilson epicyclic gea upon which this design is based. operated hydraulically and act* by air pressure. No clutch is reqi with this gearbox, which is pro‘ with a hydraulic coupling. together with an overlap when el ing from one ratio to another, en smooth take-over and contin traction.
A hill-holding device prevents vehicle from running back on gradients while any forward ge: engaged. A power take-off can be if desired. Facilities will be avai at the Show for demonstrations oi gearbox on a vehicle.
Hobbs Transmission, Ltd., will part-sectional assemblies of their fully automatic hydraulically ope gearbox on Stand 423. No clut needed with this type of gearbox, n ments of the accelerator pedal ben that is required from the drive An extensive range of gearboxe: be shown by Zahnradfabrik Friec shafen A.G., on Stand 317, incl one in which the changes of gem carried out by means of dog clu The ease of gear change with thh makes it particularly suitable lo type of vehicle in which the eng close to the driver's seat.
The unit to be shown, AK 6/5: six speeds and it can be supplied an overdrive in which the fifth sp. direct and the sixth gives the over All models can be supplied with c or side selector mechanisms.
For the light van, shooting brak other utility vehicles, this company developed a gearbox which is ix larly suitable for short distance town traffic.
A semi-automatic gearbox w hydraulic coupling and friction ch controlled by a finger-tip lever teering wheel, and a four-speed ox for lorries with engines up to res will also be shown.
s year's display by David Brown :ons, Ltd. (Stand 241) includes no than five gearboxes which are shown for the first time. Perhaps ost interesting of these is the new peed epicyclic auxiliary gearbox nvy-duty commercial vehicles of ,.-ft, maximum torque. This unit !en developed to meet the require
of .commercial-vehicle builders )refer this type of transmission to fo:speed axle.
er recent additions to the David 1 standard gearbox range include 450 four-speed synchromesh for passenger and commercial es of 9i-ton capacity, and the four-speed box for light cornvehicles of 25-cwt. capacity, .ect-drive top and constant-mesh and third gears.
45 is a five-speed gearbox for uty goods vehicles of 9i-ton and passenger types, and the I five-speed model is suitable ides of 15-ton capacity or a m loaded weight of 22 tons. andard David Brown gearboxes bited.
Edition to the usual range of .ake-off units and front-wheelrnversions, M. 0. Harper, Ltd., 12, will be showing an auxiliary designed as an overdrive for -ton trucks.
aotive Products Co., Ltd.. who European distributors for Fuller ity gearboxes, will show a xample of the Fuller Roadmodel, designed for vehicles by engines delivering up to .. torque. Eight forward speeds .inable by means of a single
1' (Stand 368).
Axles for light commercial vehicles will be exhibited by Salisbury Transmission, Ltd., on Stand 379, and in the heavy class the E.N.V. Engineering Co., Ltd. (Stand 371), will show, for the tirst time, a rear-axle drive with a 20.5-in. diameter spiral-bevel crownwheel. The latest range of E.N.V. double-reduction axles will also be represented and will no doubt interest the operators and manufacturers of battery-electrics and works trucks, which require a low range of speeds.
An exceptionally large doublereduction axle is to be shown for the first time by Kirkstall Forge Engineer jug, Ltd., on Stand 437. Reductions of from 22: 1 to 32: 1 are available, the primary reduction being effected by spiral-bevel gears and the secondary reduction by a combined epicyclic gear train inside the wheel hubs.
A fully articulating double-drive bogie of unit construction and capable of carrying a load of 24 tons will constitute another new feature on the Kirkstall stand.
Timken Axles to be displayed by the Automotive Products Co., Ltd. (Stand 368), will include driving and non-driving front axles.
Eaton Axle s, Ltd., who have specialized in recent years in producing two-speed axles, will be exhibiting on Stand 430.
Shown for the first time is the new Eaton tandem axle unit, type 36M, with Hendrickson bogie suspension. This is offered as an economical method of increasing the proportion of payload to gross vehicle weight.
In the tandem unit, a single drive line permits a natural angle. A power divider provides equal transmission to both axles, each having its own differential. A third differential in the power-divider ensures equal drive to all four bogie wheels despite any differences in tyre diameter. On some models a differential lock may be fitted.
Clutches that will be exhibited by the Borg and Beck Co., Ltd., on Stand 354 include their 13-in, diameter AS type strap-drive model, in which the drive is transmitted from the pressure plate to the cover pressing by means of four pairs of tempered spring-steel straps.
Newton and Bennett, Ltd. (Stand 218), will be showing their cushion clutch plate with the flexible-spring-centre drive.
The ability of the universal joint to take severe angular drive under high torque loading has resulted in increasing use of Hardy Spicer propeller shafts, various sizes of which may be seen on Stand 219.
Laycock Engineering, Ltd. (Stand 259), will show examples of the Layrub flexible joint.
Power-assisted steering is gaining in popularity and this year two new mechanisms will be on show.
Hydromechanics, Ltd. (Stand 308). have developed a hydraulically operated unit which is mounted on a chassis and operates externally on the steering linkage. Two distinct types, a telescopic unit for action on the steering arm, and a rotary unit for mounting on the pivot axis of a lever, cater for all, types of layout. If the hydraulic supply fails, normal manual control is not impaired.
Details of the Woodhead Munro power-steering device developed by Jonas Woodhead and Sons, Ltd., are to he announced at the Show, where, on Stand 262, a working model will demonstrate its features.
The Clayton Dewandre Co., Ltd.. will display their latest power-steering units and components on Stand 431.
The Westinghouse Brake and Signal Co., Ltd. (Stand 185), are to show a new control which ensures minimum use of compressed air for air-assisted steering.
Many examples of braking equipment will be displayed and the latest segmental-type disc brake will be the central exhibit of Girling, Ltd. (Stand 307). This brake differs from earlier versions, in that the friction pads are replaced by thick segments which arc actuated by hydraulic cylinders well removed from the source of heat
generation. The initial problems of vaporization of the brake fluid and rapid wear of the pads have thus been overcome with thug design.
Ferodo, Ltd. (Stand 287), and the Cape Asbestos Co., Ltd. (Stand 377), introduce new high-friction facing materials, the Ferodo types being specially produced for use with disc brakes.
To meet the exact requirements of modern braking systems, Walker Steel Works, Ltd., have produced a brake drum in Walloy Vatin material, which is stated to be highly resistant to wear and surface glazing (Stand 338).
New features in the range of braking equipment produced by the Clayton Dewandre Co., Ltd., include a new small high-speed exhauster using steel rotary blades, and one which is claimed to be the first exhauster with an aluminium-alloy body. These will be on Stand 431, on which a display of the exhaust-braking equipment recently introduced to this country will also be shown.
Thomas Ash and Co., Ltd., arc showing an electrically operated exhaust brake on Stand 345.
Brakes for vans, trucks and publicservice vehicles will be included in the samples presented on the stand of The Lockheed Hydraulic Brake Co., Ltd. (Ni. 357). The largest of the brakes is a new addition to the Lockheed range, and is designed for use on the heaviest vehicles. It is available in two sizes, 15) in. by 6 in. or 7 in. and has a single outside cylinder. The foot brake has two-leading-shoe action in both directions and the hand brake is servo operated.
A brake hydraulic servo system of
the continuous-flow type is to be exhibited, together with a new power valve hydraulic servo system.
With the use of light alloys for chassisless bodies, adequate damping of road and engine vibrations is of increasing importance.
Among suspension systems featured at the Show will be a variable-rate system which employs coiled springs in conjunction with the normal suspension system to give a constant frequency of c58 oscillation regardless of loading conditions. This arrangement was introduced early in the year by William E. Cary, Ltd., and will be exhibited on Stand 306.
Metalastik, Ltd.. are to have a scale model of a single-deck bus on Stand 280 to illustrate the application of their products to chassis suspension. A new design of independent front-wheel suspension for heavy vehicles is fitted which incorporates a direct-loaded
rubber spring. At the rear, rubberbushed toggle links are used to suspend the axle, giving resistance to driving
thrust and braking force. A second model will demonstrate the flexibility of rubber in a rather amusing way. A variety of engine mountings will also be exhibited, The new $ilentbloc high-capacity flexible 'bearing for road springs and a range of Frustacone mountings for mechanical units and bodywork will be shown by Silentbloc Ltd., on Stand 333. Quick-release Vibrex panel fasteners will be included in the display.
A comprehensive selection of the new Bramber independent rubber suspension units will be found on Stand 286, occupied by the Bramber Engineering Co., Ltd.
Fuel-injection equipment for oil engines of all types will be displayed by Bosch, Ltd. (Stand 428), Bryce Berger, Ltd. (Stand 271), CA.V., Ltd. (Stand 245), and Simms Motor Units, Ltd. (Stand 240), The importance of efficient fuel filtration is now generally appreciated. It is certainly a factor which is not treated lightly by the manufacturers of fuelinjection equipment, as their products are the ones that suffer greatly if dirty fuel finds its way into the fuel system. A wide range of operating conditions is covered by the filters to be seen on the
stands of the injection-equipment Jr
facturers. In addition to the established types it is expected th; interesting new filter will makc appearance at the Show.
A new fuel lift pump, which emb a vacuum-boost pump, will be exhi by AC-Delco on Stand 406, The pose of this addition is to mai vacuum-operated windscreen wipe efficient operation under full load ditions.
Benjamin Whittaker, Ltd., will di a range of engine-speed governor petrol units on Stand 374, and a p engine governor combined with a huretter will be exhibited by Solex, on Stand 212. This governed carbu has one throttle only, which co: the mixture in the same way as ordinary carburetter, but it is co to the governor.
Among the electrical equil exhibited by C.A.V., Ltd. (Stand will be a recently introduced starte: able for use with oil engines of nu size. A solenoid operated mechanism slides the pinion engagement with the flywheel, torque being applied only afte pinion is fully engaged. Switch-b direction indicators and driving will also be featured, together v stration unit showing an electrioperated door gear for public vehicles.
nilar range of commercial-vehicle -al equipment will be included nd 240 by Simms Motor Units. ind by Scintilla, Ltd., on Stand Electrical equipment for light and passenger vehicles will be in great variety on Stands 243 ;4 by Joseph Lucas (Electrical), nd Joseph Lucai, Ltd.
the extended use of oil engines, Sparking Plugs, Ltd., have )ed a range of heater plugs for Singleand double-pole varieties 6or 12-v. operation will be Another K.L.G. exhibit will be king-plug cover containing an suppressor which can be re) new plugs (Stand 253).
types of non-electrical starter on view, one is the Berger ic starter shown by Bryce Ltd. (Stand 271). A small ha ndplunger pump is used to crente ire in a hydraulic accumulator. used to actuate a gear rack, ngages with a pinion on the end ;rankshaft. Bosch. Ltd. (Stand II show an inertia-type starter. As the rate of wear on pistons and rings dictates to a large extent the period between overhauls, it is understandable that the manufacturers of these components are constantly striving to increase the life of their products. Recent developments in this field include the use of a hypercutectic silicon-aluminium alloy having remarkable resistance to wear, for small oilengine pistons which will be shown by Specialloid, Ltd. (Stand 293).
Fleet engineers will be interested in a piston with special ring equipment already extensively tested in service on low-viscosity lubricating oils, which is achieving a reduction of 40%, and even more, in oil consumption.
A piston with a bonded insert of austenitie iron to carry the top ring will be shown by Wellworthy, Ltd., on Stand 369, and a de luxe Brivico piston, which is also designed to achieve high mileage, will be exhibited by Bricovmo, Ltd., on Stand 339.
Hepworth and Grandage, Ltd. (Stand 285), have contributed towards the reduction of scraper-ring wear with the introduction, early this year, of their Hepolite KSS ring, which will be shown for the first time. This ring is of the simple stepped type, but it is used in pairs. In this way two control lands are always effective, even in the event of piston rock, and the upper ring is able to adjust itself to the thinner oil film left by the lower ring. The lands of the rings are chromium plated.
Pistons, rings and cylinder liners will also be shown by The British Piston Ring Co., Ltd., Stand 363, and the Laystall Engineering Co.. Ltd., on Stand 221. The latter will feature a selection of new Cromard liners for heavy-duty engines, that have not previously been available in the Cromard range.
Towards longer life of valves, a new Tranco type with an armoured face has been developed by the Farnborough Engineering Co., Ltd,, and will be shown on Stand 353. Valve-seat inserts will be shown by Wellworthy, Ltd., on Stand 369, and Bricovmo, Ltd., on Stand 339, A wide range of bearings of the steel-back thinand thick-wall type, and wrapped steel-back bushes will be displayed by the Glacier Metal Co., Ltd., on Stand 228, whilst new alloy bearings being produced by Specialloid, Ltd., will be featured on Stand 293.
Extensive research and development during recent years, have resulted in the production of several new types of electrical storage battery, to be introduced at the Show.
Batteries using wooden separators with glass-wool mats or pads against the positive plates, are to be shown by The Edison Swan Electric Co., Ltd. (Stand 412) and The Young Accumulator Co., Ltd. (Stand 403).
Porous-rubber separators with glasswool mats are incorporated in batteries to be shown by C.A.V., Ltd. (Stand 245), and Park Bros., Ltd. (Stand 384). The latter will display examples of their tubular-construction batteries, also two flat-plate batteries specially designed for oil-engine starting.
Chloride Batteries, Ltd. (Stand 360), Peto and Radford (Stand 339) and Oldham and Son, Ltd. (Stand 311). will be exhibiting heavy-duty batteries fitted with microporous separators of plastic material. Tungstone Products, Ltd., will have batteries embodying several new features on Stand 398.
In addition to their range of leadacid batteries C.A,V., Ltd., will be showing a new type of alkaline battery.
A cross-section through a new design of commercial-vehicle flat body will be exhibited by Birmetals. Ltd., on Stand 303. The body is built in B,metal heat-treated aluminium alloys in order to achieve maximum .strength with minimum dead weight.
The main exhibit on Stand 305 of Metal Sections, Ltd., will be the framings of the B.M.M.O. 8.14 chassisless single-deck bus. Other items will include framings of tubular construction for attaching panels by blind rivets and another in which fillets are fitted to enable woodscrews to be used.
Marston Excelsior, Ltd, (Stand 314) have been developing the application of laminated-plastic mouldings for body parts, and although details of their exhibits in this field have not been released, it is understood that examples of these mouldings will be on show.