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TO SAVE OIL CONTAMINATION.
Page 144
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A Resum of Recently Published Patent Specifications.
IN the specification of N. V. Hollandsche Ijzerhandel, of Amsterdam, No. 261,329, it is claimed that experiments have shown that when fuel enters a cylinder in a liquid state it usually spreads towards the walls of the compression chamber and runs to the surface of the piston, where it is in
contact with the cylinder. This is particularly the case with fuel of high boiling point. This fuel mixes with the lubricating oil and thus causes dilution.
In the case of the present invention it is claimed that the internally extending flange, which can be seen in the illustration, will prevent this action of the fuel, and will confine any that may return to its liquid form from reaching the cylinder walls and diluting the lubricating oil. •
A New Solder for Aluminium.
DR. OTTO ROMAN CROY, of
Prague, in his specification No. 263,402, points out that in the making of most solders for aluminium it is Usual first to melt a mixture of such metals as tin and zinc and to raise the temperature of these metals above their melting points, and then to add the necessary aluminium. He says, also, that such solders lack the fine crystalline texture possessed by solder produced by his process. He claims that solder produced in accordance with his system is, owing to its fine structure, capable of being rolled or hammered, and on bending no flakes or cracks occur.
His main claim is for a process for the production of an aluminium solder, which consists in adding aluminium in the form of small pieces or grains in pulverulent form to an already melted tin-zinc mixture. He attributes the melting of the aluminium in the moderately heated tin-zinc mixture to heat generated by the combustion of the aluminium powder and to reaction occurring between a portion of the aluminium and the oxides present on the ,surface of the melt.
A Ball-bearing Intended for High Duty.
THE AUTO MACHINERY CO., LTD„ and Bernard Leedham, in their specification No. 263,458, describe a double-row ball-bearing which can be fitted fnto the space provided for the usual single-row bearing, the 'object being to provide a ball-bearing which will withstand a greater load than the usual type and which will be interchangeable with the same. The bearing shown is also intended to be intercha»vable with most of the taper roller bearings, and, as shown in the illustration, is of the double-purpose type, as it will take both journal and thrust loads. To economise width, the balls are staggered, one row cutting in between the balls of the other row. The balls of each row are of a size determined by lines lending to a vanishing point, and the grooves are planned on the same lines.
One cage is made to do -duty for both rows of balls, and owing to the fact that the balls overlap each other it would not seem possible to provide two separate rages, although cageless balls are mentioned in the specification, but in aueh cases the bearing would have to be wider than with overlapping balls. It is not easy to conceive the din-. meters of the balls being gauged with such accuracy that the two rows would advance forward in their planetary movement at exactly the same rate, as a cumulative error would appear to be inevitable when the great number of revolutions made by balls in a beardng is considered. One row would surely gain and the other lag, and, in such a case, what is to become of a cage doing double duty and of overlapping balls?
A Valve-operating Device.
IN his specification No. 260,553, G. S. Rudlicki, of Warsaw, shows a device which is intended to obviate the trouble caused by the ends of adjusting screws on rocker arms digging hollows in the cap of the valve stem, as, owing to the fact that such screws rock and that valves move in straight lines, there is a disturbing :Ohm always taking place at the point where the two meet.
To overcome this, he forms the ends of his screws in the shape of a ball and provides a hollowed member upon which the end of the -screw bears. This hollowed member is free to slide upon the end of the valve so that the rocking movement of the screw can be allowed.
The device bears a strong resemblance to a common cramp that can be bought at the ironmonger's, and does not appear to be so efficient as the ball with a flat On one side, which is already on the market for the same purpose.
A New Sparking Plug.
ArErxmoR NAPOLI, an Italian,
resident in Brussels, in specification No. 258,606, describes a new form of sparking plug, for which it is claimed that owing to the great length of the passage through its interior there is sufficient surging of the gases to prevent the accumulation of carbon on the electrodes.
The outer shell is, as usual, of metal, but the insulating sleeve is cast into the outer shell, and is moulded so as to form a passage throughout its whole length and to form a screw thread to receive the plug which carries the central electrode. This sleeve is made of the kind of glass known as "Pyrex," which can be poured while in a molten state into its mould and into its outer shell, so that no drilling or other operation is necessary in forming t h a insulating member.
"Pyrex" being translucent, t h e spark can be seen from the outside
of the plug. A plug in the form of a screw is fitted at the top for cleaning purposes and.for the introduction of petrol.
For Easier Starting in Cold Weather.
TR. BROWNBRIDGE, of Sas ' katehewan, in specification No. -263,328, describes a device which he claims entirely to prevent starting trouble due to cold weather, by vaporizing the fuel by means of an electrically heated element The apparatus takes the form of a second carburetter, which can be added with ease to any type of internal-combustion engine as an auxiliary arranged in parallel with the usual carburetter and induction pipe. The apparatus consists of a vaporizing chamber provided with a nozzle for the fuel and a screwed nose to enable the device to be fixed to an induction pipe. 'Atthe lower part of the device there is an •electric element which resembles a sparking plug, having an insulating sleeve and a central electrode, which terminates in a thin coil of wire which becomes heated by means of its connection to a battery.
Similar devices have been seen in the past, and it is not easy to see why some device aiming at the same result has not become more generally adopted. Probably, it is because the owners of commercial vehicles seldom have to struggle with them when starting on cold mornings. If they did they might have more sympathy for the driver, who has many difficulties to face.