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Albion Motor Car Co.., Ltd.

ThisiMinpany show one vehicle only. This'is'a'fine 32 h.P. chassis fitted with a, steel tipping bodr Of 3i tons capacity. rho tipping gear is Of the hydraulic earn type, the ram being situated just in front af the rear axle. 'The medium used for the ram is a light machinery oil, which. is forced into the cylinder by a small rotary pump under the driver's seat. This pump is of the TIele-Shaw type, and is driven from the propeller shaft Of the/ chassis by means of a-roller chain: As usual, the tipping. cylinder is carried. on truanio•n 'bearings -secured td two cross members. The oil is conveyed through one Of the trunnion .Uxins. The ehassi.s fitted with a menolaloe four-eyfinderednnghle of clean and deoessible design. The bore and Stroke are 114 mm. and 127 rem. respectively.. 'Thegearbox gives. three forward sfieeds and reverse, and the firial drive is by chains. . All the road wheels are of cast-steel. •

The hydraulic pump is brought into operation by a leVer, Situated at the nearside of the vehicle; cloSe to the driver's seat.When the' rani reaches,its limit ril,f traVel 'a safety spring-loaded • by-pass comes into Operation 'and the body remains tipped untilth.e release valve is opened. It is claimed that a -fully-loaded body can be tipped in one-and-a-quarter minutes. •

H. G. 'Burford and 'Co., -Ltd.

A most interesting' exhibit will be found on Stand No. 4; Pow B. This consists of a twist-ton Burford Aassis, fitted with a Stamper 'patent tipping body, and one of the Stamper pa..tent loading trucks. The chassis is fitted with a 30 h.p. engine 4,i-in. bore by 5.1-in. stroke. The engine, clutch, 'amid gearbox are of tinit construction, and have three-point suspension. The cooling water circulation is by centrifugal pump, and the clutth is of the dry-plate type. :The gearbox gives four speeds and a reverse. The rear axle is of the double type, in which. one aide takes the load and another the drive. This was. described recently in mir columns.

The detachable body. is carried on roll-ers, and similar rollers are proVided on the leading truck. -When it is desired to change the body on to the truck, the lorry is hacked against the. front of the latter, and .a wire' rope is connected up. The body is then wound on to the truck by hand Winding gear'situated. onthe chassis. If necessary, the truck cast also be used as a trailer. By using' two bodies and trucks, ..one can be loaded whilst the other is beingunloaded. When the body is in peSkition on the lorry it is held by special Clips.

Associated Equipment Co.; Ltd.

The Associated Equipment" Co., ad., on Stand No: 3, Row C, have a slngle example of their 40 h.P. Tylor-engined chassis fitted with steel, •• hydraulicallyLipped body. This chassis is-standard, with four-,speed gearbox and final drive by overhead worm. The tipping gear. 'Fs a Bromilow and Ed wards,a,ndis capable of tipping the body h'20 seconds frOM start to finish. There is pump, Mi.?,• small reservoir of oil in the gearbox,which is driven frothon Of the cohEtant-mesli -wheels.on the layshaft inside the gearbox. The plimp delivers to a pair of rams situated 'a little in front of the rear axle, and by these the body, which is pivoted at the rear end of the

_chassis, is lifted. An alternative form of drive for this tipping gear is by friction gear from the flyWheel., The supply of oil in the reservoir i.S. just sufficient to enable the body to be completely tipped, and this fact limits the movement, and obviates the risk of overlifting. The

• pump is -,engaged by the driver, who moVes a small lever close to his' leftfoot. When-it is required to lower the body, a small cock is opened between the ram and reservoir, and the body gradually

lowers itself under the influence of its own weight, at the same time returning the oil to the reservoir. ..The tipping body itself has a capacitY of 80 cub. ft., and will hold four tons of stone., Pro. vision is made for the--addition of light {supplementary sides, tin enable bulky material such as coke and the lik,e to be carried up to the maximum capacity of the chassis.

Another exhibit of interest on this stand is an A.E.C. capstan. This is -c16signed mainly' for the use of people such as brewers, and it is intended that it -Should -be positioned inside the body near the front. It is driven by a_ belt and chain from the gearbox. -The operating lever takes effect by. tightening the belt through the •medium of a jockey „pulley.— The rope working the capstan May be loaded from the side of thelcody ar from the rear. Aveling and Porter Ltd.

The exhibit on this stand is a typical municipal steam roller. The makers describe it as their 10-ton light model, by which is meant that the road roller complete, but without fuel, water,' etc., weighs 10 ton. Complete and ready kr the road it tips the scale at rather more than 11 tons. An interesting feature isthe engine; this is of a. new type novv exhibited for the first time. It is a compound 44 in. and 74 in. bore hi'. 10 in.

stroke the novelty being the fitting of piston valves to both high and low pres sure cylinders. This kature has 'been thoroughly experimented with by -the makers; they are now satisfied as to its advantages, and they claim that they now obtain an efficiency of brake to indicated horse-power of 91 per cent. as comPared with a little over 80 per cent., which was the case before. We understand that it is proposed in future to standardize this typo of valve upon all Aveling and Zorter's productions. The Machine on view has been made to the order of the Glasgow Corporation. Tbe transmission, permits of two speeds in either direction. The gearing is machine cut, and there are two shafts betweenthe . engine shaft, and the real. a.xle, the transmission being known by the title of three axle.

Barford and Perkins, Ltd.

Two examples of this aompany's motor roller are shown. One is model EaS, ahich weighs from 7 to 9 tons, according to the amount of water which it carries. Both Models are, of course, of the firm's patented water ballast type. It is fitted with a 20 lap. Dorman engine, twocylinder, 120 rem. by 140 nun, bore and stroke. It is governed to 950 ap.m., the arrangement of control incorporating an accelerator pedal, by the use of which the governor may be temporarily cut out of action when an extra burst of' power is required. The engine is fitted with a Bradburn-Cox vaporizer, which consists of a simple cast-iron box divided by a corrugated partition. Exhaust gas passes through the lower half of the box, and heats the top half for the reception of the fuel mixture. Paraffin, of course, is the fuel used for the engines of these rollers, and this has been the case for many years. The engine is water cooled, but no radiator. is fitted. The large water tank on the rear of the roller is divided, so that while the bulk of the water is available for sprinkling, a frequently necessary operation in connection with road repairs, the remainder circulates through the cylinder jackets, and acts as a cooling medium. A gearbox is fitted, which provides two speeds forWard and two reverse, transmission between .engine and gearbox being by an ordinary cone clutch; the final drive is by roller chain to 'the off side of the rear roller.

Phe other exhibit is known as model J, and its weight. is from 10 to 12 tons. This is fitted with a Dorman engine 40 h.p., four-cylinder, of the same bore and stroke as. the two-cylinder engine on model ES. In genera1 the design of the larger machine corresponds very closely to that of the other.

The Eagle Engineering Co., Ltd. . , This `well-known Warwick concern have a very comprehensive exhibit on -Stand No. 8, Row C. They show a. 2-3ton Daimler chassis, fitted with a handoperated end-tipping body. This body has ash framing and elm planking. The tipping gear is of the horizontal screw type, which first moves the body -back, wards and then tips it. They also show a Dennis 750-gallon street-waaering vehicle, fitted with the Warwick sprinkler gear. The tank is cylinsirical, and the volume of the spray is adjustable from the driver's cab. The maximum spread of the spray is '25 rt.

The chassis is one ei tbe well-known stubsidy type. As regards the company's own products, there is a well-built side-tipping trailer. This is so constructed that the body can tip to either side. It is hand-operated by two sets of right:. angle bevels and two screws situated across and at each end of the chassis. The body is first moved horizontally to one side or the other until a bracket at its centre reaches a stop. :The links which are attached to the nuts, then force the body over. This tipping trailer has a

-iapacity of five tons. •

There is also a; five-ton trailer fitted' with an endaippiog body operated by a single screw. A reduction, gear is incorporated in the tipping mechanism. Both these trailers can he fitted with either steel or rubber tyres.

:.:.clayton and Co.is.,teld.

On Stand No. 12, Row B, wilibefouni one of the most interesting exhibits a the Show. This is a patent sprinkler road sWeeper and refuse collector. In as tion the road is first sprinkled wit: water to slack the dust. It is the. brushed into the collector and eonveye, to the hopper at the front of the machine Close behind the wheels are situated tw brushes, which operate at -an angle These 'brushes cover rather over . th width of the machine and throw the Mu. into the centre, from whence the rea brush eollecQit.

The brush operating mechanism is ants matic, and comes into operationwhe. the brushes are lowered for sweepi9 The main brush is centrally suspended so that it can adjust itself to the lieu surface. It is previded with a balanc weight at each side, which It hung o a wire rope passing over a pulley. There are two conveyers.; the lows one is operated by es:acyclic gearirq which gives a -reduction of one to fu and is driven by the near side rear whee The upper conveyer is driven by a chai from the off aide rear wheel. The din is thrown tangentially from the lows conveyer to the upper, and is then throw forward into the receiver, which is Oct trolly aituated. The engine fitted to O. sweeper is a 35 lap. of the wellenow Tyler make.

Edison Accumulators, Ltd.

. This company has on Stand No. 1: Row B, a Lanselen five-ton tippin wagon, fitted with a: horizontal Ecru Edison tipping gear. This, gear is do tricatly-operated and controlled by pedal under the ,footboarde.. For th purpose a Small trap door is opened.

The batteries in this model are eon tamed in a steel easing held by brackei to the bottom, of the frame side member They are on rollers so that they can.

be removed for filling up with distills water when necessary. The drive is by single motor centrally situated behind It differential and driving the speedo shafts through bevel gearing, the fin -drive to the wheels, being by chain, The back axle is a solid forging, an strong radius rods are provided;

_ The motor for the tipping gear • situated at the front end of the seem which it operates through the medium a silent chain. The wheels are of a wood artillery type. The front axle of -very solid construction. It is of soli rectangular section in the centre, but of the " I" girder form at the end

The vehicle shown was built to the d. -signs of the Glasgow Corporation. TI company have, unfortunately, not bee able to show the two-ton Britishbui Edison, as it had to be delivered.

John Fowler and Sons, Ltd.

John Bowler and Sons (Leeds), Ltd are showing a model of the Tiger tracts similar to 'that which was exhibited 4 Cardiff. It is of :standard type, wit compound engine arranged for workin doulle high-pressure if necessary, wit transmission by double shafts, and On two speeds, final drive being by gear 1 the differential on the sprung rear sal, Lubrication of the engine is by meal Meal pump driven off one ef the OCCei tric rode. The vehicle is fitted with winding damn and a screw-down hrall gear which operates a couple of shoe one in each rear wheel and acting on tl interior of the rim in each case.

1/Carrett and Sons, Lid.

RiChard Garrett and Sons, Ltd., exhibit on Stand No. 2, Row B, a standard compound tractor' with two speeds provision. for double high-pressure working, extra water tank, winding drum, and fitted with twin solid rubber tyres on the rear wheels only.

The trailer is of 6-ton capacity, lightly, yet strongly made, for high-speed work. The tipping gear is operated by hand, being through a couple of cross-shafts at • the front of thebodywork ;. the first operate the tipping screw direct through • a pair of bevels, the second one inter. poses a reduction gear between the handoperated shaft and the bevel shaft. . The 5-ton rubber-tyred steam wagon is . also fitted with tipping gear of the same pattern, but this is supplemented by an. • 4rrangernenb whereby the tip Can be operated from the engine. The fourth exhibit on this stand O

is of the company's electric vehiciee with a rapacity for three tons, and also .fitted with hand or motor-operated tipping body. The tipping gear on the electric is somewhat different from -those on the other exhibits, as the wagon, in this case, is slid to the rear -a considerable distance before it commences to tip.

• ncidentally, we noticed on this chassis

• ncidentally, we noticed on this chassis the accessibility of the batteries.

Tilling-Stevens, Ltd.

The ' Tilling-Stevens fire-engine on Stand No. 5, Row C, is a most interesting exhibit. The chassis is one of the company's well-known petrol-electrics; fully equipped, with C.A.V., lighting. • The most interesting feature, however, is undoubtedly the independent eleetrically • driven pump. A vertical motor and centrifugal pump are carried as one unit upon a light, two-wheeled trailer which . . is adapted quickly to be mounted or , dismounted from the rear end of the en. gine. This is accomplished by Means of • a light pair of 'ramps, permanently fixed * to the rear of the chassis, and at such . a height that the unit, when rolled to the rear end of the machine, will slide up • the ramps and be held in place by a pair of automatic hooks or clamps.

There are several special advantages claimed for this arrangement, apart from

• its mobility, when the engine has actually arrived at the scene of the fire. In the first place it is claimed. to be advantageous to --have the motor and. pump vertical, as this allows the pump to be placed very near the ground, thus reducing the suction lift and keeping the -centre of gravity of the outfit low. Chiefly owing to the -absence of mechanical connection between the engine and the pump and the use, of electric regulation, thespeed of tha pump may be controlled to suit the varying volumes of water pressures, withoutsacrificing horse-power in the process. .

The ether exhibit is a 2-ton gear. driven chassis upon which Is mounted a high-sided end-tipping body.

J. I. Thornycroft and Co., Ltd.

A fine 3i-ton tipping wagon which is one of ten 40 lep. J-type which are being supplied as a repeat order to the Westminster City Council, is to be found on Stand No:13, Row R. The tipping body of this :machine is interchangeable With a street-watering body, which holds approximately 1,000 gallons.

The body of the machine exhibited has two small extension pieces fitted to the sides and one on the tailboard. These can be dropped independently for convenience when loading. The chassis is too well-known to re quire a detailed description. We will, . therefore, only give the main particulars. The engine is four-cylin,dered, with tho cylinders east in pairs,. the bore and .stroke are 4Lins. and 6 ins: respectively. Large inspection covers are fitted to the crankcase. The magneto, centrifugal water pump and fan pulley are driven by one shaft at the near side of the engine.

The clutch is of the cone type, lined with Ferodo. Four speeds forward and reverse are provided by the gearbox. The cardan shaft is open, and is fitted . with large leather disc universal, joints. The final drive is by worm gearing. The axle casing is of the potetype with the worm and differential held by the cover, thus facilitating their removal for inspection or repair. The tipping gear is of the ordinary screw type, handoperated.

Robey and Co., Ltd.

Robey and Co.'s Stand No. 7B, row D, Is fully occupied by one model of that company's new type 5-ton steam wagon, which was recently very fully described in these columns.

A particular feature of it, it may be remembered, is its light weight and also the fact-that with the five tons evenly distributed over the body, the rear axle weight does not exceed 7i tons. The engine is of the usual type, compound with double high-pressure gear, and calls for no special mention. The bodywork on the exhibit, which is ultimately intended for the East Sussex C.C. (Lewes), is finished in chocolate with gold line. It has, of course, a tip body, and the hydraulic tipping gear is, we believe' unique, inasmuch as it is fitted with a telescopic ram:

The operating pump is sifeated within the cab and is engine driven. ,It draws its water supply from the ordinary boiler feed tank and pumps to the hydraulic rams, liftingfirst the one nearer to the cylinder, and when that has been extruded to its full length, then the second ram follows. The effect is a steep angle of tip with a certainty of entirely emptying the body, whilst at the same time the amount of work thrown on to the pump is not at all excessive.

W. and G. du Cros, Ltd.

W. and G. du Gros are on Stand No. 3, Row D, and their exhibit, with its polished crankcase and hub caps and its show finish, is strongly reminiscent of Olympia. The vehicle shown is a twoton steel tip body on a standard chassis. The latter is fitted with a 93 mm. by 140 mm. bore and stroke four-cylinder 25 h.p. Dorman engine which transmits through a Ferodo-lined cane clutch to a four-speed and reverse gearbox. The 'chassis itself is by now fairly well known and does not need a detailed deseription. The final drive is by worm and wheel:' We were intereeted to note the provision which had been made for fine adjustment to the position, of the brake and clutch pedals and also clutch stop. The tipping gear is hand-operated, being the familiar vertical screw and nut. A refinement is the fitting of a cylindrical cover which totally -encloses the screw when the body is down on the frame. We notice, too, that the front even of the body, that nearest to the screw, is somewhat higher than the remaining walls, the object being to protect the chassis from the possibility of an overflow VI the event of some of the material carried being liquid or semiliquid.

Walker Bros., Ltd.

The most interesting exhibit on this Stand, No. 10, Row C, 'is the overhead type 40 h.p. four-ton Pagefield tip-wagon which has been specially designed for use in restricted areas for the cartage of coal or for refuse collecting. The turn

radius of this veMeIe is 18 ft.

The tipping gear is of the telescopic differential-screw type, the drive being

taken from the gearbox through sparand bevel gears. The control is automatic, power being shut off when the body .reaches the end of its tip and when it returnS to rest-on the chassis frame,

The chassis -is fitted -with a Dorman subsidy-type engine. The gearbox gives four speeds and reverse, and the final drive is by overhead worm, The radiator Is of the east aluminium built-up type, with tubular centre. It is mounted on trunnion bearings at each side. Owing to the chassis being of the overhead type the steering has to be brought well forward, and the gear is mounted just behind the radiator, the steering arm coming outside the frame, and the steering rod running back to the pivot arm. The springs are of exceptional length. The wheels are of the built-up, forged-steel type. At the centre of the frame is a very .strong arched cross member.

The other vehicle shown on this stand is a five-ton subsidy-type standard model fitted with a tipping body operated by double telescopic differential screws, the drive in this ease also being from tbe gearbox. The chassis in fitted with &Tyler 40 h.p. engine. Four speeds and reverse are given by the gearbox and a doubleseduction rear axle is fitted.

Wallis and Steevens, Ltd.

On Wallis and Steevens's Stand No. I1A, Row D, is exhibited one of the company's standard steam tractors made to the brder of a Henley contractor, and handsomely finished in dark chocolate, lined red and gold with brass work highly polished. It hae acompound engine of 4 ins, and ag ins, bore by 10 ins stroke, with the crankcase totally enclosed, so that all the working parts run continuou.sly in a bath of oil. The two-shaft reduction gear affords two speeds with final drive to differential gear. Both front and 'ear axles are sprung, and this is one of those machines which can easily be converted to a 6 or 8-ton roller, the weight being determined by the size and weight of wheels and rollers which are fitted. The machine is supplied with extra water tank, two indicators. (one of which is intended solely as a stand-by), and one drum. It is fitted with a canopy reaching the full length of the tractor. The other exhibit is an 8-ton roller, also a standard model with single-cylinder engine. This is a machine which has already seen service, being the property of E. Woodhouse and -Sons, of Catford.

.; Whiting,_Ltd. . .

Two vehicles are shown on Stand No. 8, Row 'D, These consist of a 3-ton Whiting-Federal chassis fitted -with a wood-built tipping body specially eu.ilable for municipal work. The tipping gear is hand-operated and is of simple construetion.

The chassis has a four-cylindered Continental engine with the cylinders east in pairs, the nominal h.p. being 35-40, The gearbox gives three speeds and a re.. verse, the operating levers being centrally sit-dated. The frame oins this chassis is of .particularly strong construction. The beck axle is of the fall floating type, made under DavidBrown licence by the Tiniken Manufacturing Co. The second exhibit is the 30-ewt. Whiting chassis also fitted with a tipping body 'and with a similar type of tipping gear. This chassis has a 25 h.p monobloc engine with overhead valves. The gearbox gives three speeds and a. reverse, and has central change, and a new type of Torhensen back aide. is fitted, in which one axle takes the load and the other the drive.

Tasker and Son, Ltd.

W. Tasker and Son, Ltd., are showing on Stand No. 7A, Raw D, almost a complete range of those of their products which are suitable for municipal use. There is a chain-driven Tasker tractor, a. 5-ton rubber-tyred steam wagon with tipping body, and a special trailer.

The tractor is one of the standard type with Mr. Hoare's patent chain drive. It may be remembered that another important feature of the design is the arrangement of the rear .springing, the semielliptical springs being entirely outside the main body of the tractor.

The steam wagon also is standard'production. It is a 3-tonner, and has been finished in dark grey with black lettering to the order of Wort and Way, the well-known haulage contractors. The gearing provides for two speeds, end the final drive is by long roller cfrain to differential gear on the rear axle. The tipping gear is hand-operated. The third exhibit is a trailer fitted with a new design of tipping gear, the object of which is to maintain the load evenly distributed over the two axles when the trailer is travelling on the road, and at the same time providing very much easier tipping than would otherwise be the case. The oteration is divided: in the first ease the winch handle is applied to the square. end 'of a shaft near the rear axle of the trailer ; on this shaft are provided spur pinions which mesh with racks beneath the body of the trailer; and before tipping the body is drawn ,backwards 3 ft. •

Tuke and Bell, Ltd.

On this Stand, No. 11, Row A, is ehown a five-ton Constable tip wagon provided with gear for either-side tipping. Thib gear is hand-operated through four eels of bevels and four screws placed across the chassis, two sets of each being used to tip the wagon to one side. The body. treeels on rollers, and the tipping does not occur until the point .of equihbrium is reached. It then tips by gravity, and the strain which the gear has to bear is practically negligible. In this design of tipping wagon the sides remain in thdr nopnal peertion when the wagon tips; ie the case of end-tipping wagons, the tailboard remains in its normal position,

Caledon Motors, .Ltd.

Visitors should certainly inspect the fine fbureen chain-driven Caledou chassis fitted with hydraulically-operated steel tipping body, shown on Stand No. 9, Row C. This chassis is fitted with a new type engine of 40 h.p. it5 is four-cylindered with the cylinders test in pairs. The most interesting point about this engine is the valve gear, which is of the single sleeve type constructed. under the Burt-McCollum patents. The magneto and water pump on this engine are driven by means of a arose-shaft and skew gear at the front. The sleeves are operated by a simple crank and 6hort connecting rod, which give the necessary elliptical motion. It has becn proved in practice that this engine gives at least 10 per cent. mere power than a poppet valve engine of the Barrie dimensions.

The engine has three-point suspension of very neat and etreng design. It is supported on two points at the rear of a. strong croasenember, and at the front it is supported. in a trunnion bearing of special design giving universal motion.

'rho ge.arhox gives four speeds and a reverse, and the quadrant is mounted on an extension of this box. The hydraulic -pump is driven by spur gearing from the front end of the gearbox. The tipping is +thone by two simple rams situated about 2 ft. in front of the rear axle.

The wheels are all of the cast-steel tubular-spoked type.

3. and E. Hall, Ltd.

The exhibits of J. and E. Hall, Ltd., on Stand No. 6, Row C, comprise two five-ton HaIlford " E.A. " chassis, one fitted with a five-ton, wood-constructed, end-tipping body, and the other fitted with a I,000-gallon tank for street watering purposes. The tank on this machine is fitted on to a platform, and can be removed so that the chassis can be used with a tipping body. For this purpose the hand-operated tipping gear is fitted permanently. Wheli not in lase, the tipping screw is clipped to the cab.

The water sprayers are situated at each side of the cab within easy view of the driver.

The engine on this chassis is a fourcylindered, 40 h.p. with the cylinders cast in pairs. The company are now fitting engines of their own make en all their vehicles. On this particular chassis the magneto and water pump are driven by skew gearing and are situated at the front of the engine. The magneto is fixed in a bed radiusecl from the centre of the armature, sip that adjustment is facilitated. The gearbox gives four

• speeds forward and a reverse, and the change-speed gate is. mounted direct on to the gearbox. The final drive is by chains which are enclosed in aluminium dust-proof cases.

On the tipping wagon the tip gear is hydraulically operated, the operating pump being driven from the engine.

British Four-wheel-drive Tractor Lorry Co. •

The only exhibit staged by this company is a massive 44 h.p. chassis fitted with a lorry body. One of the interesting features about this body is that it is fitted with the Craymer unloading platform. (This was fully described in our last issue.) In this case the platform is operated by hand.

The engine in this chassis is Of the well known Dorman make. It has four cylinders with the cylinders east in pairs, and is situated under the driver's Beat. The gearbox gives three speeds forward and a reverse, and the drive to both the front and rear wheels is through 'bevels. A differential is provided for each axle, and there is also a central differential which equalizes the drive. This central differential is fitted with an emergency locking device so that if either pair of wheels happens to skid When the vehicle is Used on very bad ground, the two earda.n shafts are locked ;together. This company are in a position to give imnitd'ete delivery.

Guy Motors, Ltd.

A sturdy-looking two-ton Guy chassis, fitted with a wood-built tipping body, is situated on Stand No. 5, Row B. The tipping gear on this machine is of the two-screw hand-operated type. The chassis is fitted with a 25 h.p.

dared monobloc engine, with the cylinders cast in pairs; they have a bore and stroke of 4 ins. and 5 ins. respectively. The valves are of the ordinary amushroom type, and are placed under the cylinder head. They are operated by rocker

A geed point about the engine design is that, the big end bolts are reversed, so that the nuts are situated at the tops of the big ends. Large inspection doors in the, crankcase permit of these being unscrewed so that the pistons and connecting rods can be withdrawn after removing the cylinder head. This is detachable and water-cooled, the water connection being outside the head so that in the event of a leakage occurring water cannot get into the cylinder.

Four speeds forward and a reverse are provided by the gearbox. Both the engine and gearbox are carried on a channel-steel sub-frame.

The back axle is of the dou.ble-reduetion type, the first reduction being through spur gears and the final drive being by bevels. All the wheels are of the tubular-spoked type. The springs are particularly long and flexible. The rear springs are -anderslung, which permits of a low loading platform.

General Vehicle Co., Ltd..

The 3i-ton G.V. Electric vehicle on Stand 1, Row D, is equipped, as was stated in our forecast last week, with the Craymer unloader. As that apparatus was fully described in detail no further reference is here necessary. The chassis itself, we are informed, is the first vehicle to he built entirely in this country. It is made in Birmingham' the English company having bought all the American jigs, tools, patents, and patterns. It its fitted with Iron Exide batteries of a capacity of 255 ampere hours, which is sufficient to provide current for a running of 36 to 40 miles over average roads with a fully-loaded vehiele. It may not be inadvisable to refer to the arrangement of theeadrive on the G.V. An electric motor is carried just in front of the rear axle, and drives forward by chain to a differential cross-shaft from which the final transmission is by side roller chains to chain wheels' on the rear wheels.

• • Leyland Motors, Ltd.

Two exhibits are shown by this wellknown company on Stand No. 6, Row' B. They include a fire-engine which is in the employ of the Finchley Fire B,rigacle. This engine is of the standard 500-gallon, 48-60 hp. type, and is fitted with a turbine pump. The maxiinum delivery is 350 gallons per minute at a pressure of 160 lb: per sq. in.; the maximum output at 80 lb. pressure is 580 gallons. The pump lift is 27 ft.

The engine is a four-cylinder one with the cylinders cast in pairs. All the valves are on one Side and are totallyenclosed. The magneto and water pump are driven through skew gearingiacross the frOnt of the engine. The bore and stroke are 5 ins. and 64 ins. respectively. It is supported ..in the frame . by steel tubes. . The valves are of particular interest as they are of the composite -type, with nickel. tel stems and: east-iron, heads. The lubricant is circulated by means of a gear oil pump,:_this pump beinariven from the camshaftby means of a pair of skew gears. A clutch Of the ordinary bone pattern, and fabriedined,

takes the drive.' .

The gearbox is oonstruotedof aim minium, aiidgives four changes of speed in the forward dire,ction, and a reverse.

The rear axle consist of -a cast-steel easing containing a double-reduction gear. Fixed arms carry the weight, and inner floating shafts transmit the power.

The Toad wheels are of the east-steel tubular-spoke type, and revolve on floating bushes.

The other exhibit is au F2-type steam wagon, fitted with five-ton tipping body, the tipping gear' which is of the ordinary screw and nut type being power-operated. The boiler fitted to this Machine is of the vertical type. The engine is slung amidship, and is totally-enclosed. The final drive is by two chains. The frame is of. pressed channel section steel, with channel section cross members well gusseted.

Vulcan Motor and Engineering Co., Ltd.

We Were rather surprised to find a commercial vehicle .on. one of • the ,stands in the gallery. This vehicle is being shown . by the Vulcan Motor-. and Engineering Co., Ltd.. It isle standard 30:civt. chassis with .a.20 hp., 90 ram. by 130. Mill. engine with fouir cylinders cast en bloc. It is fitted with s tiPpingliody and Itromi; low and Edwards tipping gear.. This gear is of the hydraulic typo, and consists. of a hancl7operated :friction-wheel driven. from the,. flyWheel and operating a, small oil. pump connected to two -hydraulic rams

-on trimnions. , .

The gearbox gives four speeds forward and a reverse. It has , central gate change. The clutch is Of the -bone type faced with Ferecle and 'fitted with adjustable springs. Universal joints are-of the star type and are efficiently lubricated. The main axle casing is built up of two halves bolted together horizontally. A steel extension piece carries the springs. Final drive is by overhead worm. The wheels arc of cast-steel construction.

DennisBros., Ltd.'-'

On Stand No. 3, Row B, Dennis'*131:,. Ltd., show one of their fine standard 60 h.p. four-cylindered fireengines, carrying a first-aid outfit and a 50-ft. Bayley escape. The pump has a capacity of 480 gallons per minute at 120.1b. pressure, and is capable of pumping up to 550 gallons M. lower pressures. A C.A.V. accumulator lighting outfit is fitted. This includes two headlamps, two sidelamps, and a tail lamp. The engine has its Cylinders cast in pairs. The cylinders are of the T-headed type, the bore and stroke being 5 ins. and 7 ins, respectively. The induction pipe is hot-water-jacketed and a White and Poppe carburetter is fitted as standard. The radiator is of the tubular type, the tubes being provided with square gills. The other exhibit on this stand is a. well-constructed tower wagon, whichis mounted on a subsidy chassis. This vehicle is fitted with the Rawlinson elevator gear, which is of the central screw type, and can be operated by one man. This Machine is fitted with a 45 h.p. fourcylinctered engine of 115 mm. bore and 150 mm. stroke. The cylinders are cast . in pairs and are also of the T-headed type. The Magneto is driven by a cross shaft in front of the engine. The gearbox gives four speeds forward and reverse. Cast-steel tubular-spoke wheels are • fitted as standard and the brake drums on the rear wheels are of exceptionally large diameter. Final drive is by overhead worm, which is contained in a housing forming part of the 'axle 'casing lid. Daimler Co., Ltd.. 1, An interesting feature of the Daimler exhibit on Stand 4, Row Cl, is undoubtedly the hydraulic . tipping gear. The chassis itself IS perfectly standard, being the two to three ton chassis Which svas recently described by ue. The tipping gear is entirely self-contained and is carried by a steel sub-frame which bolts to the top of the ehassis.• A thine& easing bolted to the top of the. gearbox carries the gear for the drive. The connection between. this driving gear and the hydraulic pump is by means of a short length of shafting fitted with. a flexible dise coupling. The arrangement permits of the pomp being .continuously run or disengaged according to desire. A ram cylinder serves as a reservoir as well as carrying out its normal function,. A pump transfers oil from one side of the pleisei to the other, thus providing the necessary lifting effort. As the plunger is driven, out by the pressure of the oil it takes effect on a pair of levers which. normally are laid horizontally within the rani framewerk. They are pivoted at . their rear ends and the coupling rods from the rant. take hold comparatively near to the pivot. The level's themselves are of steel channels and present on the top •a smooth surface upon which rest rollers which carry the body. Consequently as the ram moves backwards its levers lift, carrying upwards and rearwards the body and its load. The usual method of .opening i and closing the tailboard of the lorry s utilized, and we are informed that the time taken to tip the load is notMore than six seconds.

Dyson and Co., Ltd.

On Stand No. 8, Bow D, are exhibited by It: A. Dyson and Co. Ltd., a couple of examples of modern light trailer cone structihn. Both are of the platform type, well sprung, with semi-elliptic springs fore and aft, and transverse

each axle so as to take the ultimata por tion of the 4ull Both tire/160*e. of the platfarm type; and both are shed with solid rubber Dimleplytes. Oei the one the read 'wheels are of. castesteel. with Y spokes; on the other_ a plain 'disc type of wheel has been used. Thera are several important. features • about the construction of these. trailers which are worthy of • note. The hubs, wheels, and other parts where it might be advantageous are made interChange-, able. and"standarclized.frameivdrk of the trailer is of pressed steel, built lip jim rectangular shape, with the corners welded and not rivetect,up. • The pivots upon which the front portionof the trailer turns is ie the fdrm ot One saucer within another, and upon this considerable bearing 'surface the wear of the pill takes place.

Clayton and Shuttleworth, .Ltd.

. .

The Clayte» exhibit is a very' fint'one, consisting of ai five-tori wagon:fitted with, a tipping body to the order of the Chesterfield R.D.C. The chassis is, of -course, the firm's standard type,. but.several ithprovements have heensmbedied recently. The new foot-brake .creeigit • we recollect aright—she-Wu 'onthe model which we saw at Cardiff. Large-diameter drums are bolted to tbeerear road wheels, and 'in each of them is a pair of expanding brake shoes. The operating pedal is immediately in front ..of the steeilman's seat; it has a very long lever and at its fulcrum end' carries a bevel

pinion as the central portion at a very

interesting compensating gear. There are two motions of bevel wheels, one each aide of this pinion and' engaging. with it. One section is secured to the lever which commimicates with the near-side brake; the other section is keyed to a tra.nsverse shaft which operates the offside brake.

Of the engine itself we need say little. It is a, compounil, with provision for admitting high-pressure steam to the lowpressure cylinder, so that double high .

pressure working is possible when ne'pt• .tinting unusually difficult road. The tipping gear is operated direct from the engine crankshaft. A bevel on the extreme offside end is disposed so that the section which slides on the end of a•leingitudinal shaft leading back to the ernesshaft of the tipping gear can be made to mesh with it. Engagement of the two bevels is effected by the -driver moving the hand lever, which slides the movable .• one into engagement with that on the end. of the crankshaft. A friction clutch on this sliclable bevel provides against oVerwineling in either direction:. The other exhibit on the same stand is a ten-ton roller, also of the firm's standard ty'pe with compound engine. :and :three-shaft reduction with a twospeed gear to the tear wheels;:This machine may rapidly be converted to a

tractor. —

Maudslay Motor Co., Ltd.

On Stand No, 7, Row B, are two fine Maudslay end-tipping wagons, one designed to carry a lour-ton and the other a five-ton load. The engine of each vehicle is a 40 h.p. four-cylindered„ with the cylinders oast in pairs, and, of course, fitted with the well-known Maudslay overhead valves, operated by an overhead camshaft. This renders the whole of the gear very accessible.

The drive to the engine is taken through a fabric-faced cone clutch. The gearbox gives four speeds forward and reverse. The rear axle is of the banjo double-redriction type; the first reduction is by bevel gears, and the final drive is through spur gears. The road wheels are • all of the cast-stsel -tubular type. Careful attention has been paid to springing, and the springs are very substantial.

The foot hrake operates on a drum situated behind the gearbox; and•has externaleiontracting shoes. . The :hand brake operates on -large drums bolted to theWheels,' and is of the'internal-expending type. • The tipping. gear on both s ehioles is of the balanced • type, constructed by the Engle 'Engineering Co.' • • ' The body of the four--ton, vehicle is divided into fonr 'separate conpartm,ents. each of 'Which carries one ton.

Ransomes, Sims and Jefferies, Ltd.

On Stand No. 8, Row B, will be found an Orwell standard 3i.-ten electric chassis, fitted with a—specially large tipping body.for refuse collection to the order of the City of Cardiff. This machine is fitted with twin motor drive; each motor is provided with a double helical recluctian gear, the final drive -being by chains, to the rear wheels.

A vary interesting type of electrirally A vary interesting type of electrirally .

epeiated tipping gear is fitted. This is the company's own design. It is of the _horizontal screw type, in which • the motion is partly horizontal and partly vertical. The body is supported on a steel under frame, which is provided with a pair of rollers and a pair of channelsteel guides. The rollers on the frame

• run in the channels of these guides. The time occupied in tipping the vehicle when fully loaded is 40 seconds,.

The accumulators are supported on two channel-gteel cross members, which extend under the frame, and project about I5 ins, at either side of it. The trays containing the accumulators are mounted on -eeeentrics, and are provided with small rollers ait either side. When it is required to remove the batteries for charging, the eccentrics are operated so that the tray rollers come into contact with the channel-steel -cross members.

. , The battery containers can then be rolled out quite freely.

The company also show one of their road-making and repairing machines. This consists of a platform provided with jacks and mounted on a type 0 electric truck. The platform carries a 74 h.p. electric motor, which operates a compressor: Froen this compressor pneumatic tools can be driven. When in position, the jacks can be screwed down and the truck driven away to use for other

purposes. • Another interesting exhibit is a-56 in. motor-driven lawn mower, fitted With a. single-cylinder engine of 6 h4). to 8 hp. November. zs, J9I9. Yorkshire CornmerciaLttiotor Co. , r. '

The exhibit on Stand No. 4B, row D, the Yorkshire Commercial Motor Co., is a tipping wagon on the firm's 3-3i-ton chassis. It is built to the order of the Darton, Urban District Council. The Yorkshire, as is well known, is unique as regards the construction of its boiler, which is ot the smoke tube type, cylindrical, and disposed across the front end oi the chassis.

The engine is a high-speed vertical compound, with cylinders 4 ins. and 7 ins, here by 6Ains. stroke. It stands immediately behind the driver's seat, and is totally enclosed, so that the crankshaft, connecting rod, valve mechanism, and all moving parts run in a bath of oil. The -working steam pressure is 200 IL. per sq. in., and the indicated horse-power this engine develops is 33. The transmission is by spur gears, giving threa speeds, and final drive is by roller chain to a totally-enclosed differentialgear on the back axle. The road wheels fitted are all of the same diameter, 26 inst., giving an unasnally low loading line, an ordinary platform body being only3 ft. 6 ins, from the ground. On this chassis the combined hand and foot brake is fitted; the farmer is screw-applied, and would naturally be used either when deseending long gradients or when the -wagon is long standing. The foot brake is for emergency use.

As for the body, the special feature ol its construction is facility for lowering either. of the sides -without disturbing the tailboard. This is made possible by fitting additional stanchions at each/eat corner. These support both sides and the tailboard, but also allow of any one of the three being moved without disturbing the others. The tailboard, as is customary on a tipping wagon is hinged at the top, so that on release and when tipping it falls open at the baton/ to release the load. The tipping gear is Deighton's patent, and the principal object of its designer has been that of reducing the effort required to tip. The gear Is engine-driven, with provision for operation by hand if necessary. A transverse shaft immediately behind the cab is driven by roller chain from the engine abaft, the connection betwien the shaft and the chain sprocket being by means of a. friction clutch. 'The Lacre Motor Co., Ltd.

Perhaps the most representative display is to be seen on Stand 1 in Row B, which is ocigupied by the Lacre Motor Co. Ltd. There are two road-aVireeping machines of the company's standard model, one tower wagon, one tipping wagon with steel body, and one composite watering-cart, tipping .wagon, platform lorry, etc.

The road-sweeper is a three-wheeled machine. Its design has been considerably revised and improved 'lately, the • • immediate object being standardization. Three wheels have been found preferable to four, inasmuch . as thEzir. adoption allows the wheelbase to be shortened, and consequently the weight of the chassis may be considerably reduced. The brush is carried in the usual position and dis. puska at an angle of 45 degrees to the direction of travel. It is supported from the chassis by levers, which are fitted with halance weights. By manipulation of these weights the pressure with which the brush beara upon the pound may be , considerably, Modified,. not onlyas a . * whole but from end to end bf the brush area.

Perhaps the most interesting exhibit on this stand is the combined transport ancl road-watering lorry. This is a vehicle which is admirably adapted for the

, purposes of smaller mat4ipalities, whose -expeaditure may have so be limited to one motor vehicle. A standard two-ton chassis is fitted with tipping body, haying detachable sides and tail. Into this, when the tailboard -is reinoved, is dropped a road-watering tank coin -4;e pletely equipped with the auecessary sprayers.

be The tower wagon is noticeable for its light yet strong construction, the vari-ons sections being framed inash and tied together by steel rods.

Another,exltibit is a standard, tipping

• wagon with power-operated tip gear. The method of operating. the .tip is novel and interesting, the drive being taken from the exteriorof the tubular propeller shaft, a gearwheel on which engages with another on a floating frame

• work.

British-American Import Co.,

Ltd.

A Ford fitted with the Baico 1920 model conversion set is to be found fir the gallery. The example shown is fitted with a small tipping body with handoperated tipping gear.

The conversion set Consists of a channel steel partial frame, which is fitted over the ordinary Ford frame, and extends along about three-quarters of its length. The partial frame carries a pair of wood wheels fitted with solid tyres, and brackets which hold the ordinary back axle of the Ford, from which the wheels are removed and replaced by chain sprockets. The Ferd is thus turned into a 25-cwt. lorry with a wheelbase of 10-ft. 8 ins. The price of the attachment is £92.

Dunlop Rubber Co., Ltd.

The Dunlop Co., on Stand 12, Row D have on view several interesting novel ties. Perhaps the moat. striking is the 300 lirui . wide solid band tyre with square edge, deeply grooved and made of particularly resilient rubber. This is a tyre which we understand is at present, in Various examples, undergoing thorough tests. Its object is that of replacing twO 100 mm. tyres on rear

wheels of commercial vehicles. . Examples of the company's new 9 in. pneumatic cord tyres are also shown..

Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd. -

The standon which! this 'Company skew sampke of their products is .very suitably positioned as it, is.N.o. 1,-flow. A. The exhibits. comprise samples of petroleum by-products and numerous ,tins of Pratt .s Perfection spirit, Anglo Benzol, and Anglo Taxibus.

W. Shepherd.

An exhibit which attracted a certain amount of attention was the Dixie convertible body... As many of our readers probably know, this is actually a sevenin-one body and has the following distinct use :—Saloon bus, delivery van, ambulance, ,..hearse, lorry, pig dray, and

furniture-removing car. . .

We described the construction of this body some little while ago, and-in order to refresh the memory of our readers we .peopo,se dealing with it more fully in an early issue.

S. Straker Squire, Ltd.

The three Straker-Squire exhibits are particularly interesting and full of ingenious features. There is a. tipping wagon, a vacuum galley emptier, and a street-cleaning machine, all mounted on standard five-ton 50 h.p. ,clusaais. The

tipping wagon is .fitted with a Constable patent tipping gear, the mechanism of which embodies a combination of " the screw and toggle.

The second machine, a street cleaner, is very completely equipped. A. rectangular steel tank ,carries 1,100 gallons of water and is equipped with a hose pipe which carries a universe/ coupling by which it can. be connected to any source of water supply. One outlet from the tank is through a pipe on the inner side of the chassis, which opens vertically downwards within a. few inches' of the road. This is controlled by a stop cock, the handle of which is within easy reach of the driver. It is -mod for sluicing down glitters. For this purpose the head of water available in the tank is sufficient. For other purposes a centrifugal pump, driven by silent chain from an extension on the gearbox, provides additional water pressure, pumping water under pressure to a transverse tube immediately in front of the chaasis.

The third exhibit is a vacuum gulley emptier. A largo cylindrical drum is carried in the body space of the chassis, and a, two-cylinder engine-driven vacuum pump beneath the driver's seat empties this chamber. A hose pipe coupled at one end to the chamber is provided at the other with a, suitable nozzle for insertion into the galley.

North British Rubber Co., Ltd.

The North British Rubber Co. on Stand 10, Row D, are showing a pretty camprelsensive selection of their solid band tyres. Not unnaturally they point to the special fire-engine tyre as being the naostainterest*; at an exhibition of

this kind. This tyre is square tread with three deep grooves; and for it very special non-skid properties are claimed. Another .exhibit is the new Clincher tyre with flat sides, 'instead of what is called in the trade the "T" shape, It is claimed that with the new section, much better results as regards wear and tear are obtained, and also that it is better adapted to withstand the rough usage which just now unfortunately is becoming such a feature of commercial motor use. Otherexhibits on the same stand are hose pipes, suction hose, step mats, etc. One is a facsimile of the wheel and tyres which are used on the .King's Leyland luggage van.

Shrewsbury and Challiner Tyre Co., Ltd., and Charles Macintosh and Co., Ltd.

Shrewsbury and Challiner and Macintosh are together at Stand Nos. 6a and 6b, Row D. Both are showing a fairly

• complete line of their products in the way of heavy vehicle tyres, Macintosh's having a range of solid band tyres for vehicles weighing from 15 cwt. and upwards, including some examples of their 160 mm. and 180 mm. wheels, ranging in 'Diameter from the 26 ill. wheel to the large 5ft. tractor wheel. They are also showing examples of the interesting and ingenious N.A.P. cushion tyre.

November 25,.19!9. The Herbert. Fmod Co.,, Ltd.

Another interesting stand in the gallery is that of the Herbert Froad Co., Ltd., where are to be seen all types of Ferodo fabrics. These, as is well known, are Constructed of bonded asbestos, and are particularly reliable when used for clutch linings and for the lining of brake-El:1.6es. The company is renowned for its diepressed linings, particularly a new typo which is made under a ram pressure of 1,008 tons.

Unfortunately, the company is not permitted, under the regulations, to show the special applications of their material to motor transport.

Shell Marketing Co., Ltd..

Tins of Crown spirit, Shell motor spirit, and Aviation. spirit are shown on Stand No. 4, Row A. This stand presents a. very smart appearance. lt. is nicely decorated in red and yellow.

Vislok, Ltd.

The stand on which this company are showing their exhibits will be found in the gallery. The exhibit consists of tielok nuts in all practical sizes. These nuts are fitted to a very large number of Chassis, and are giving excellent service. A

Vislok nut is made in two sections, 'which are permanently fitted together. It is sorewed on to a thread in theordinary manner, and whe.n in position the battom half is held and the top half is rotated in the locking direction. The mit is then held permanently fixed until the top half is again -rotated in the reverse direction.

Anglo Mexican Petroleum Co., Ltd.

A comprehensive exhibit of petroleum products is shown by this company on Stands Nos. 5 and 9, in Row A. In this exhibit the most important products shown are the various grades of Mex. phalte bitumen for use in road construction. The company also show tins of their well-known Mex motor spirit, and various grades of 'lubricating oils.

The Eagle Star and British Dominions Insurance Co., Ltd.

One of the neatest stands in the Show is No. 6, Row A, occupied by the Eagle Star and British Dominion& Insurance Co., Ltd. This company issue policies for all classes of insurance, particularly those applying to commercial vehicles.