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Criton Water Softener.

27th July 1905, Page 13
27th July 1905
Page 13
Page 13, 27th July 1905 — Criton Water Softener.
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Which of the following most accurately describes the problem?

The question. of a constant supply of soft water, suitable for steam wagon and other boilers, is in most districts an important factor which has to be taken into account by the engineer in charge of a fleet of vehicles. The expressions " hard " water and "soft " water are only relative terms : they do not convey any idea of the degree of " hardness " a particular water contains. When a definite measure of the state of a certain water is required, it is spoken of as having a hardness of le, 12°, or 14°, and so on, as the case may be. This is arrived at by an arbitrary scale, and one degree of hardness represents the amount of a standard soap solution decomposed by one grain of a particular salt, viz., carbonate of lime, in each gallon of water.

The result of using an impure water in a boiler is that a deposit is formed on the surface of tubes, crown plate, etc., and this causes a considerable loss of heat through the want of proper conduction. A table is given below, which shows the loss of heating power due to scale of various thicknesses, according to one series of experiments :— The Criton water-softening plant, made by the Pulsometer Engineering Co., Ltd., of Nine Elms Ironworks, Reading, is one of the most successful processes in use at the present time. AS will be seen from our illustration, the untreated water is admitted at the top into a syphon tank, which contains a float connected to two displacers; the first works in the lime water tank, whilst the second, and smaller one, operates in the small soda tank. When the water in the syphon tank rises, the displacers a r e drawn out of the tanks containing the lime water and soda solution, which are then automatically filled up to a given level by means of two I>all coek. The syphon tank is so arranged that it discharges its contents directly the water reaches a given level, thus ensuring an exact quantity of water being discharged at each emptying. The two ball cocks are set to fill their respective tanks to a point just below the discharging trough, so that , when the

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enters, • say, the lime tank, a hulk of lime water exactly equal to the portion of the displacer sub merged is pushed over into the mixer. Both displacers can be set to deliver the correct proportion of lime water suitable, for the water under treatment. The discharges from the hard water syphon tank, and the lime and soda tanks, all meet at the same time and together at the mixer; from the mixer the treated water is passed through a pipe to ihe bottom of the settling tank, whence it steadily flows upwards, the heavy suspended particles formed by the action of the softening process settling out. The water ultimately flows through a filter and emerges in a condition suitable for use wherever a soft water is required.

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Locations: Reading

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